Ap 1988 Euro

1988 MC National AP atomic number 63an register Exam 100 questions in 75 minutes. 1. Salvation by faith al i, the ministry of wholly in entirely believers, and the authority of the Bible be principles staple fiber to (A) the christian humanism of Erasmus (B) the Church of England (C) prevalentity aft(prenominal) the Council of Trent (D) Lutheranism in the early 16th part coulomb (E) the Society of deliveryman (Jesuit order) 2. The revise of Nantes in 1598 did which of the future(a)? (A) Ensured Anglo- cut cooperation by dint of erupt the ordinal ampere-second. (B) Created a cut perform re increment stranded from papal authority. (C) Ended the warf are of the Spanish Succession. D) Proclaimed the toleration of Calvinism. (E) Precipitated the French state of wars of Religion. pic 3. The draw preceding(prenominal), drawn by Galileo in 1610, was drill to argue that the Moon (A) has no phases (B) has an endorsement surface (C) is one of the planets (D) does n on wave around the Earth (E) is illuminated by Mars 4. You vene score the saints and delight in touching their relics, but you despise the surmount one they left behind, the example of a holy lifespan . If the worship of Christ in the person of His saints pleases you so much, obtain to it that you imitate Christ in the saintsThe ack directlylight-emitting diodegement supra expresses the opines of which of the side by side(p)? (A) Henry viii of England (B) Catherine de Medici (C) Erasmus of Rotterdam (D) Leonardo da Vinci (E) Niccolo Machiavelli 5. tin Locke found his Two Treatises on Government pilot coursely on which of the hobby views of human spirit? (A) People are elementalall(a)y quick-scented and learn from practical experience. (B) People are weak and sinful and need the counseling of organized religion. (C) People are infirm and need guidance from the cumulative cognition of tradition. (D) People are inherently argumentative and should never be encourage d to come down against state authority. E) People are innate(p) with all knowledge, and learning is the process of retention that innate knowledge pic 6. The map to a spicyer place of 18th- cytosine Russia suggests which of the succeeding(a) slightly Russian dirt amid 1689 and 1796? (A) The ottoman Empire annexed the Crimea (B) dent the undischarged added more territory to Russia than did Catherine the heavy(p) (C) Most Russian expanding upon took show up in the east (D) Russia ceded territory to Poland in the upstart eighteenth century (E) Russia acquired navigable seaports in both(prenominal)(prenominal) the north and the southwestern 7.Which of the pastime opera hat guides the semi semipolitical and sparing env smoothing ironment of much of fifteenth century Italy? (A) A few large states rule by a wealthy arrive magnanimousness (B) A strong unify Italian monarchy that patronized the arts (C) umpteen autarkical city-states with prosperous merchant oli garchies (D) send care condition of roughly of Italy by the pope, who encouraged mer jackpottile study (E) Support of the arts in Italy by the kings of France and the holy Roman emperors, who were competing for enamour 8. The response of the Roman Catholic church to the Protestant reformation included all of the hobby overleap A) the abolition of the indicator of Prohibited Books (B) the establishment of the Society of Jesus (Jesuit order) (C) the foregather of the Council of Trent (D) the founding of womens orders prompt in gentility and care of the contrive (E) an increase in the number of parish grammar schools pic 9. The Pieter Brueghal photo graph (circa 1569) shown preceding(prenominal) depicts the pickleacre of colonyrs in A) the Netherlands by Spanish multitude B) Russia by hassock troops C) Spain by English troops D) France by Swedish troops E) Hungary by Austrian 10. The head start political character of the terms right wing and left was to descri be the A) division of France into preponderantly Protestant and predominantly Roman Catholic areas (B) seating arrangements in the French National Assembly chamber during the French regeneration (C) fellowship alliances in the English Ho intent of Commons during the debates prior(prenominal) to the American Revolution (D) devil locomote of the Versailles palace that ho apply the Roman Catholic and the Huguenot nobility (B) factions in the English Parliament that backing James II or William of orange 11. Which of the quest statements best describes the writers of the Romantic school? (A)They stressed emotion rather than causa. B)They go along the traditions of the nirvana. (C)They were advocates of change magnitude political rights for women. (D)They sit arounded their treat on the classics of Greece and Rome. (E)They base their writing on scientific and mathematical models. 12. During the Crimean War (1854-1856), more or less deaths among the military occurred as a resolving of (A) trench warfare and poisonous hired gun (B) irregular warfare (C) naval engagements (D) sickness and inadequate medical care (E) grave artillery bombardment 13. In fifteenth-century europium. Moslem furoreure exerted the greatest determine on which of the side by side(p) societies? A) English (B) French (C) German (D) Italian (E) Spanish 14. In 1500 the two roughly agencyful autocracies in easterly Europe were (A) Muscovy and the Ottoman Empire (B) the Ottoman and the Byzantine empires (C) the Byzantine Empire and Poland-Lithuania (D) Poland-Lithuania and Hungary (E) Hungary and Kievan Russia 15. The hotshot reason why Louis XIV (1643-1715) built his palace at Versailles was to (A) tighten his control over the nobility (B) strengthen ties with the Huguenots (C) chance on the kings residence nigh to the center of the country (D) provide thousands of jobs E) put on the excess r notwithstandingue produced by mercantilist appraise policies 16. In the seco nd half of the seventeenth century, which of the succeeding(a) countries reign European culture, politics, and prudence? (A) England (B) The Netherlands (C) Russia (D) France (E) Prussia 17. Which of the spare-time activity best characterizes the westbound European economy, as a whole, in the ordinal century? (A) Widesp choose unemployment (B) Declining trade and traffic (C) Technological breakthroughs in yield (D) open-ended trade among nations (E) Spiraling inflation 18.In the first half of the seventeenth century, the Austrian Hapsburgs balmy revolt and underlyingized control in their territories by doing which of the following(a)? (A) Emancipating the peasantry and supporting(a) hoidenish development (B) Allying with the urban middle classes and encouraging commercial development (C) Establishing a bailiwick church headed by the Hapsburg emperor and redistributing originator church properties (D) Creating a customs coupling to promote trade and acquiring cutting territories to supply merchants with raw materials (E) Waging warfare against renegade groups and supporting the Catholic Reformation 9. Which of the following was a major(ip)(ip) result of the cardinal Years War (1618-1648)? (A) The long-term beef up of the consecrate Roman Emperors authority (B) The banning of Calvinism in the German states (C) The establishment of strong Russian ascertain in the northern German states (D) The personnel casualty of as much as three of the German-speaking race through war, elicit, and famishment (E) The encouragement of rapid scotchal development in many German-speaking cities 20. by and by the defeat of King Charles I in the English Civil War and his act in 1649, England was governed for a decade by A) a democratic republic with universal voting (B) a commonwealth led by Oliver Cromwell and his son (C) a built-in monarchy under King James II (D) the king of Scotland (E) a parliamentary council dominated by egalitarians 21. Which of the following or so distinctly distinguishes the northern renascence from the Italian Renaissance? (A) Interest in intuition and technology (B) spectacularer concern with sacred devotion (C) Cultivation of a Latin entitle (D) Use of home(a) languages in lit (E) Admiration for Scholastic model 22. spell Smith maintained that A) prepareers substantive remuneration decrease in the long conduct (B) nation always tends to outstrip fare supplies (C) monopolies benefit the state (D) competition is kindly beneficial (E) neighborly revolution is needed 23. Which of the following early ordinal-century political figures was most closely identified with the concept of the design of Europe? (A) Castlereagh (B) pile I (C) Talleyrand (D) black lovage I (E) Metternich 24. A factor accelerating the British organisations repeal of the edible corn Laws in 1846 was the (A) South Sea riffle scandal (B) American Revolution C) Irish potato famine (D) development of relativel y inexpensive ocean head (E) world-wide mechanization of grain call downing 25. Which of the following spared Europe a general transnational war during the second half of the nineteenth century? (A) The functioning of an effective isotropy of office (B) Europes concentration with industrial development (C) The strength of the German navy (D) idolize of Ottoman expansion into the rest of Europe (E) A insurance of guiltless and unrestricted trade 26. The eighteenth-century philosophes believed that corporation could best achieve progress through A) prayer and contemplation (B) intuition (C) grave work and self-denial (D) scientific luridness (E) analysis of Greek and Latin texts 27. The model of the universe which resulted from the scientific work of Galileo and radicalton embraced (A) Aristotelian philosophy (B) a persuasion in an ascending chain of organismness (C) a conception of a spiritually animate universe (D) the belief in the fixed, central position of the Eart h (E) the scientific discipline of mechanics 28. The sequence of events that led to the French Revolution of 1789 is best summarized by which of the following? A) Lafayettes call for democracy, king corresponding forbiddance of the National Assembly, Robespierres leading a peasant revolution (B) Peasant uprisings, royal abdication, election of the National Assembly (C) Franco-Austrian war, urban riots, convening of the Assembly of Notables (D) Wide stagger famine, repression of riots, guerrilla war (E) Royal financial crisis, convening of the Estates General, storming of the Bastille 29. In place of the old cautious order, with its classes and class antagonism, we shall feature an association, in which the relax development of each is the condition for the free development of all. These words express the ideas of (A) Alexis de Tocqueville (B) John Locke (C) Jean-Jacques Rousseau (D) Edmund Burke (E) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels 30. Which of the following best describes an all primal(predicate) motion in typical family surface in Western Europe afterwards 1870? (A) It change magnitude in urban areas imputable to improvements in public health and lodgment for workers. (B) It change magnitude in working-class families collectable to legislation limiting child excavate. (C) It fall sharply be amaze of chronic food shortages (D) It decreased initially in the middle classes because of the increased costs of rearing children. E) It remained unchanged because of vast emigration overseas 31. English scotch expansion was severely threatened in the eighteenth century by a rapidly diminishing supply of (A) peat (B) woodwind instrument (C) coal (D) oil (E) water office pic Left side of graph should read Population (in millions), the first number is 1700 not 700 32. All of the following statements more or less Europes existence in the eighteenth century can be inferred from the graph preceding(prenominal) debar (A) For most of the century, France had the largest population of any European index. (B) The population of east Europe outstripped that of Western Europe in size. C) Russia experienced the largest increase in rate of population growth. (D) The population of the British Isles grew passim the century. (E) Rates of population growth increased after 1750. 33. The salon was a each week gathering held in the home of one of the dominant ladies of the society, at which dinner was unremarkably served, cards usually played, but intercourse led by the hostess predominated. A few salons were known as having the proto lawsuit mixture of leading intellectuals, open-minded nobles, and clever, charming women. The race supra describes an important font of tender life in which of the following? A) Geneva during the Reformation (B) Florence during the Renaissance (C) capital of the joined Kingdom during the splendiferous Revolution (D) Paris during the Enlightenment (E) Berlin during the Kulturkampf 34. Enlightened monarchs of the eighteenth century back up all of the following merely (A) religious tolerance (B) increased economic productivity (C) pacifist foreign policy (D) administrative reform (E) secular and technical education 35. Which of the following characterized European warfare between the Peace of Utrecht (1713) and the outbreak of the French Revolution (1789)? (A) Standing armies pursuing limited strategic intents B) Citizen armies fighting for their native lands (C) Feudal armies fighting for their lords (D) Mass armies pursuing global strategies (E) passing mobile armies unhampered by traditionalistic defenses 36. Under the snoozeic system, peasants in territories conquered by French armies were generally given (A) the right to vote for representatives to serve in impertinently created parliaments (B) control over the appointment of village priests (C) freedom from manorial obligations (D) free lessons in the French language (E) sets of laws designed specifically to fit local c onditions 37. The greatest felicity for the greatest number was the explicit goal of which of the following movements? (A) Romanticism (B) Utilitarianism (C) Pietism (D) Anarchism (E) Jansenism 38. In the presence of my guests I reduced the conducting wire by deleting words, without adding or altering a single word . . . which make the contract appear decisive. My guest said flat it has sort of a different ring. In its original form it sounded like a parley. Now it is like a flourish of huntsmans horns in answer to a challenger. I went on to explain . . . it impart have the effect of a red careen on the Gallic bullThe separate recounting the story above was (A) Napoleon III (B) Cavour (C) Disraeli (D) Bismarck (E) Alexander II 39. The disease most common in industrialized areas of nineteenth-century Europe was (A) bubonic plague (B) tuberculosis (C) smallpox (D) malaria (E) leprosy 40. In 1917 the Bolsheviks want to rally support from the Russian mint with which of the following slogans? (A) Peace, land, bread (B) Socialism in one country (C) Blood and iron (D) Family, work, fatherland (E) Liberty, equality, fraternity 41. French leaders decided to occupy Germanys Ruhr valley in January 1923 in order to A) conciliate Soviet cultivate in Germany (B) unified German territory permanently into France (C) hinder the rise of the Nazi party among workers in the region (D) use the regions industrial production to accelerate Frances rearmament (E) seize goods as payment for Germanys fasteners debt 42. By 1948 Soviet-dependent regimes existed in all of the following countries EXCEPT (A) Bulgaria (B) Hungary (C) Poland (D) Rumania (E) Yugoslavia 43. The French monarchy in the seventeenth century sought to expand Frances eludes to its natural frontiers by gaining control of (A) Schleswig-Holstein B) Milan (C) Alsace (D) Spain (E) Tuscany 44. Which of the following caused the deepest and most persistent internal inverse to the French Revolution? (A) T he big(p) Fear (B) The storming of the Bastille (C) The publication of Burkes Reflections on the Revolution in France (D) The advent of the Thermidorean reply (E) The enactment of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy 45. architecture produced in the Napoleonic Empire was influenced most by (A) ancient Egyptian pyramids (B) unequivocal models (C) Romanesque churches (D) Islamic structures (E) Gothic churches pic 46.The graph above depicts the lengths, from longest to shortest, of the railway systems of (A) the get together Kingdom, the Italian states, France (B) the United Kingdom, the German states, France (C) The German states, the United Kingdom, the Italian states (D) France, the German states, the Italian states (E) France, the United Kingdom, the German states 47. Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stuart tarry both wrote (A) critiques of the French Revolution (B) tracts on liberty and the rights of women (C) Utopian novels (D) polemics against alcohol employment (E) satires o f George III of England 48.All of the following cities experienced major uprisings in 1848 EXCEPT A) Paris B) Berlin C) capital of the United Kingdom D) Rome E) capital of Austria pic 49. The image shown above is an example of a overbold proficiency for examining the human body which was discovered by (A) Faraday (B) Pasteur (C) Lister (D) Roentgen (E) computer political programck Questions 50-51 are based on the passage below. Where liberalist parties, now liberal hardly in name, remained in mightiness, they embraced protectionism and imperialism, undertook genial regulation, and retained from the old liberal creed scarce Opposition to the consultation of the franchise and to the church. 50.In what era did the developments described in the passage most probably take place? (A) 1715-1788 (B) 1789-1800 (C) 1815-1830 (D) 1880-1905 (E) 1945-1970 51. Which of the following factors best explains the chemise and decline of liberalism described in the passage? (A) The continued deference of peasants to aristocratic influence (B) The rise of industrial society and of mass political movements (C) The general decline in literacy rates (D) The inability of laissez-faire economic science to uproot traditional communal floriculture and guilds (E) A strong popular reception against liberal anti-clericalism 2. Which of the following ideas did Darwin draw on in developing his theories of evolution? (A) The Romantics ideas about the importance of heroic individuals (B) The scientific view that species are eternal and unchanging (C) The scriptural account of creation in propagation (D) Nineteenth-century theories of manifest destiny (E) The population theories of doubting doubting Thomas Malthus pic 53. The nineteenth-century English cartoon above depicts (A) the change of Great Britain caused by emigration (B) Thomas Manns Death in Venice (C) the befoulment resulting from industrialization D) British naval losses (E) criminals lurking around British waterways 54. The contiguous cause of the 1905 Russian Revolution was social unfold resulting from (A) the agitation of the Russian Social popular party (B) the mass emigration of dexterous workers to the bare-assed ground (C) attempts by the government to reform the Russian Orthodox church (D) the demands of ethnic groups for political autonomy (E) Russian losses in the Russo-Japanese War pic 55. correspond to the graph above, which class in sixteenth-century England benefited most from the trends shown? (A) Landowners B) Landless laborers (C) Household servants (D) Merchants (E) Small-scale artisans 56. Which of the following was a aboriginal result of the Glorious Revolution of 1688? (A) The establishment of universal manlike suffrage (B) The restoration of Roman universality to both England and Scotland (C) The boundary of monarchical power (D) The execution of Charles I (E) The triumph of Puritanism 57. consequential prerequisites for Great Britains industrialization in the mi d-eighteenth century included which of the following? (A) Innovations in agricultural techniques and increases in food production B) Dramatic improvements in workers housing in the cities (C) A rapid increase in the amount of gold imported from New World colonies (D) Rapid growth of a national system of rail transport (E) Strong monarchical leadership and a centralized government bureaucracy pic 58. The shaded areas on the map above represent which of the following? (A) Dynastic lands of the Hapsburgs in the sixteenth century (B) Participants in the Thirty Years War in the seventeenth century (C) Protestant regions in the eighteenth century (D) Members of the Holy Alliance in the nineteenth century E) Members of the trade union Atlantic conformity brass instrument in the twentieth century 59. Which of the following European countries experienced the greatest spirit level of political instability in the nineteenth century? (A) Austria (B) France (C) The Netherlands (D) Prussia (E) Russia 60. When Sigmund Freud remarked that in cordial life nothing which has once been formed can perish, he meant that (A) human beings are logical creatures (B) human beings can remember and return all experiences at will (C) all mental acts are conscious mental acts D) the unconscious(p) preserves unpleasant as well as pleasant thoughts (E) the unconscious obliterates excess thoughts pic 61. The chronologically arranged maps above illustrate the (A) concluding phases of the Franco-Prussian War (B) Schlieffen Plan (C) concluding phases of the showtime World War (D) settlement of the Treaty of Versailles. 1919 (E) invasion of France in 1940 62. Which of the following ideas is common to the works of both Karl Marx and the classical economists? (A) The demoralise of the bourgeoisie by the revolutionary proletariat is inevitable. B) Class clamber is the mechanism of historical progress. (C) The free metamorphose of wages for labor ensures social harmony. (D) The apprize of a product is largely heady by the value of the labor used to produce it. (E) The triumph of the proletariat will bring about a classless society. 63. During the last third of the nineteenth century, new industries, such as those producing electric power and chemicals, advanced most rapidly in which of the following European countries? (A) France (B) Italy (C) Germany (D) Belgium (E) Spain 64. What the breechloader, the machine gun, the steamboat, the steamship, quinine, and former(a) innovations did was to lower the cost in both financial and human terms of penetrating, conquering, and exploiting new territories. So cost-effective did they make imperialism that not only national governments but even individuals like Henry Stanley and Cecil Rhodes could precipitate events and plump for out claims to vast territories which later became split of empires. The historian quoted above would most apt(predicate) use which of the following statements to explain imperialism in Africa aft er 1870? A) Europes major corporations used ruthless bosom in their search for overseas trade and profits. (B) The power of European technology provided the mechanism that made imperialism cheap and easy. (C) European politicians were willing and calibre to risk war for the sake of national prestige. (D) Individuals like Stanley and Rhodes were more important than economic forces in the conquest of Africa by Europeans. (E) The European officer class was eager to use Africa as a testing account for new weapons. 65. All of the following were invented in Western Europe during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries EXCEPT A) firearms (B) movable printing type (C) the compound microscope (D) the compass (E) the flying birdie 66. It was an important confederation of commercial towns in northern Germany with its own laws, diplomats, and flags. Its membership of merchants pull in large profits shipping fish, timber, and former(a) resources to areas to the west and to the south. Prosperi ty declined, however, when trade routes shifted from the Baltic to the Atlantic after 1500. The description above refers to the (A) Confederation of the Rhine (B) Hanseatic League C) Merchants of the Staple (D) Holy Roman Empire (E) Schmalkaldic League 67. In the sixteenth century, all of the following had religious civil wars or political insurrections EXCEPT (A) Muscovite Russia (B) England (C) the Low Countries (D) France (E) the German states 68. The teachings of which of the following had the greatest impact on the Reformation in Scotland? (A) Ignatius of Loyola (B) John Calvin (C) Martin Luther (D) Desiderius Erasmus (E) Ulrich Zwingli 69. Mercantilism was generally characterized by (A) government private roads to build a strong. elf-sufficient economy (B) the efforts of the merchant class to influence policy by subsidizing the government (C) efforts by bankers and exporters to establish free trade (D) the realizableness that gold and silver were not real wealth (E) the v iew that labor ought to be able to seek its own commercialise 70. In the late seventeenth century, which of the following countries led continental Europe in shipbuilding, navigation, and commerce and banking? (A) France (B) Russia (C) The Netherlands (D) Denmark (E) Spain 71. In eighteenth-century Europe, the most important imperial rivalries existed among which three of the following? A) Russia, France, and Great Britain (B) The German states, the Italian states, and Great Britain (C) The German states, the Italian states, and France (D) The German states, the Italian states, and Spain (E) Spain, France, and Great Britain 72. All of the following occurred as a result of the settlements reached at the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) EXCEPT (A) A balance of power was reestablished. (B) Belgium was united with the Netherlands under the House of Orange. (C) The disinterest of Switzerland was recognized. (D) Italy was unified under Sardinian leadership. E) A personal union between Swed en and Norway was created. 73. In the mid-nineteenth century, industrial growth in Western Europe was significantly stimulated by the (A) abolition of national customs barriers (B) knowledgeability of assembly-line production (C) investment of United States capital (D) expansion of transportation systems (E) expansion of labor unions 74. Which of the following factors most stimulated the entryway of large numbers of women into the labor force in many European countries during the First World War? (A) The decline in the average size of families (B) The increase in divorce rates C) Woman suffrage (D) The spread of Wilsonian principles (E) The shortage in the labor supply 75. A social historian would be most likely to research which of the following topics? (A) French diplomacy, 1742-1763 (B) Frederick William I and the General Directory of War, Finance, and Domains (C) The philosophical assumptions of Montesquieus Iranian Letters (D) Napoleons Freudian relationship with Madame de Stael (E) Family life in a French village 76. In late nineteenth-century Great Britain, women were in the majority in which of the following categories of employment? (A) Transportation B) exploit (C) Factory work (D) Domestic service (E) Construction work 77. Which of the following scientific theories of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was used to support notions of racial superiority? (A)Jamess speculation of pragmatism (B)Freuds psychoanalytic supposition (C)Darwins supposition of natural pick (D)Plancks quantum theory (E)Pavlovs theory of conditioned response pic 78. The paint above, melodic Forms (1931 ) by Georges Braque, is an example of which of the following schools of painting? (A) Romantic (B)Impressionist (C) Cubist (D) Expressionist (E) Realist 79.Albert maven is well known for theorizing that (A) atoms are stable, basic building blocks of nature (B) time and quad are unconnected concepts (C) light contains power only when it is visible (D) mass and vi gour are interconvertible (E) the go of an aircraft cannot exceed the speed of sound 80. Most historians would agree with which of the following descriptions of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919? (A) A accord that spelled out the Soviet Unions reparation obligations (B) A triumph of farsighted political and economic planning (C) A treaty that dismantled the British Empire D) A destructive peace dictated by the United States (E) A treaty that the discomfited thought too harsh and the victors thought too lenient 81. The political and social values of the Vichy government in France during the turn World War are best described as (A) democratic, socialistic, peaceful (B) radically fascistic, antichurch, antielitist (C) conservative-authoritarian, corporatist, Catholic (D) monarchist, nationalistic, antimilitary (E) republican, liberal, expansionist pic 82. The map above represents the British Empire in (A) 1776 (B) 1850 (C) 1919 (D) 1950 (E) 1961 83. Man, being the servant and interp reter of Nature, can do and understand so much . . . as he has observed.. . . Beyond this he neither knows anything nor can do anything. The passage above was written by (A) Francis Bacon (B) Martin Luther (C) Rene Descartes (D) Georg Hegel (E) Friedrich Nietzsche 84. Which of the following European states was the last to eliminate legal discrepancy against Jews? (A) Austria-Hungary (B) France (C) Great Britain (D) Italy (E) Russia 85. All of the following were among prexy Wilsons Fourteen Points EXCEPT (A) an independent Poland (B) absolute freedom of navigation C) the limitation of armaments (D) the autonomous development of the peoples of Austria-Hungary (E) the autonomous development of the peoples of the Russian Empire 86. The major design of the Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) was to (A) end the use of war for solving planetary controversies (B) end the Russo-Polish border conflict (C) end tensions between France and Great Britain over the export of French farm surpluses to Gr eat Britain (D) end the French demarcation of the Ruhr (E) replace the Dawes and Young plans pic 87. The illustration above from a 1940 German magazine suggests that women should A) sham as many children as possible (B) not be discouraged by shortages of food and consumer goods (C) not work removed the house (D) support the war effort by doing their sons and husbands jobs (E) enlist in the ground forces to help the war effort 88. The primary instrument of economic integrating in Western Europe since the Second World War has been the (A) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (B) European Economic fellowship (EEC) (C) World Bank (D) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and ethnic Organization (UNESCO) (E) European Free raft Association (EFTA) 9. The most notable social effect of the 1923 inflation in Germany was the (A) depletion of the nest egg and income of the middle class (B) encouragement of population shifts from cities to the countryside (C) alter of the positi on of women in the work force (D) acceleration of a trend toward the establishment of cooperative pension plans (E) decrement of social tensions 90. All of the following are policies to which totalitarian states have traditionally adhered EXCEPT (A) encouragement of multiparty political systems (B) promotion of social welfare measures C) expansion of the military (D) economic planning (E) holding of periodic elections 91. Which of the following was a major factor in German military victories in1939-1940? (A) Overwhelming German technological and numerical superiority to the French and the English (B) French insistence on continuing to fight, regardless of the cost (C) Britains campaign in Norway, which diverted British troops from Western Europe (D) The German armys effective use of armor and air power in the Blitzkrieg (E) The German defeat of the Russian army at Tannenberg in August 1939 92.Which of the following statements about twentieth-century existentialists like Albert Camu s and Jean-Paul Sartre is true? (A) They questioned the efficacy of reason and science in understanding the human situation. (B) They counseled an desegregation of Christian principles into everyday life. (C) They promoted the development of thermonuclear technology. (D) They advocated a return to the ideals of the Enlightenment. (E) They advocated nationalism and the strengthening of the individual nation-states. 93. In the 1960s a factor that distinguished Soviet social structure from the societies of advanced industrial nations in Western Europe was theSoviet Unions (A) lack of linguistic and ethnic divisions (B) high percentage of workers engaged in tillage (C) rising number of workers in service-sector jobs (D) integration of women into the political elite (E) system of dogmatic education 94. Which of the following was the major reason for the establishment of the Dual Monarchy in 1867? (A) To return the demands of the Magyars (B) To resist Turkish encroachment into Europe (C) To resist demands made by Napoleon III (D) To balance the power of the North German Confederation (E) To curb the exploitation strength of a united Italy 5. The immediate aim of the Truman Doctrine of 1947 was to (A) promote the economic recovery of Europe (B) block the spread of communism in France and Italy (C) prevent the overthrow of the Greek and Turkish governments (D) bring about Soviet withdrawal from Czechoslovakia (E) forestall Soviet plans with regard to West Germany 96. Which of the following areas was conceded to Hitler at the Munich Conference of 1938? (A) The Polish Corridor (B) The Rhineland (C) The Saar (D) Silesia (E) Sudetenland 97. The Western affiliate and the Soviet Union agreed to all of the following easures to be implemented after the Second World War EXCEPT (A) the division of Berlin into four occupation zones (B) an international trial at Nuremberg of major Nazi leaders (C) a denazification program (D) the placing of Germany under the control of the United Nations (E) the disarmament of the German military 98. Nikita Khrushchevs program of de-Stalinization involved all of the following EXCEPT (A) curbing the power of the political police (B) attacking Stalins cult of personality (C) disbanding agricultural collectives (D) reestablishing the primacy of the Communist party E) loosening controls over culture and society 99. Which of the following characterized Mussolinis ideal of the fascist corporate state? I. Organization of the population into syndicates of employers, employees, and government arbitrators II. Establishment of semiautonomous regional governments III. abolishment of strikes, lockouts, and the older trade unions (A) I only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) I and III only (E) I, II, and III 100. Which of the following was a central part of National Socialist ideology? (A) Anticommunism (B) Conservatism (C) Protestantism (D) Utilitarianism (B) Syndicalism